{"id":881,"date":"2026-02-12T12:30:13","date_gmt":"2026-02-12T09:30:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prof.chemk.org\/?p=881"},"modified":"2026-03-05T12:33:20","modified_gmt":"2026-03-05T09:33:20","slug":"%d1%81%d1%82%d0%b0%d1%80%d1%82%d0%be%d0%b2%d0%b0%d0%bb%d0%b0-%d0%b3%d0%bb%d0%b0%d0%b2%d0%bd%d0%b0%d1%8f-%d0%b8%d0%bd%d1%82%d1%80%d0%b8%d0%b3%d0%b0-%d1%87%d0%b5%d0%bc%d0%bf%d0%b8%d0%be%d0%bd%d0%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prof.chemk.org\/?p=881","title":{"rendered":"\u0421\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0433\u0430 \u0427\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; \">\u0421\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0433\u0430 \u0447\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u00ab\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044b\u00bb: \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0442\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043a \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439. \u041e\u0442\u0442\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0432\u044b\u043a\u0438, \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; \">\u0420\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043b\u043e\u0449\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0433\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0447\u0435\u0439, \u0432\u0435\u0434\u044c \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439 \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044b \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043b\u044c. \u0410\u0442\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0430\u0437\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u0434\u0443\u0445\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430, \u043d\u043e \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u2014 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u044e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0439.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u041f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0436\u0434\u0435\u043c \u0437\u0430\u0445\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0432!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; \">\u0412\u0441\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443 \u00ab\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044b\u00bb \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u043c\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u0444\u0435\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u00ab\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u00bb \u043d\u0430\u0446\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u00ab\u041c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0436\u044c \u0438 \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0438\u00bb. \u041e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u2013 \u041c\u0438\u043d\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0435 \u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0424\u0435\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" data-id=\"883\" src=\"https:\/\/prof.chemk.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/11_02_002.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-883\" srcset=\"https:\/\/prof.chemk.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/11_02_002.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/prof.chemk.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/11_02_002-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/prof.chemk.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/11_02_002-150x113.jpg 150w, https:\/\/prof.chemk.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/11_02_002-768x576.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" data-id=\"884\" src=\"https:\/\/prof.chemk.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/11_02_003.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-884\" srcset=\"https:\/\/prof.chemk.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/11_02_003.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/prof.chemk.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/11_02_003-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/prof.chemk.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/11_02_003-150x113.jpg 150w, https:\/\/prof.chemk.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/11_02_003-768x576.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" data-id=\"885\" src=\"https:\/\/prof.chemk.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/11_02_004.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-885\" srcset=\"https:\/\/prof.chemk.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/11_02_004.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/prof.chemk.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/11_02_004-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/prof.chemk.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/11_02_004-150x113.jpg 150w, https:\/\/prof.chemk.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/11_02_004-768x576.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" data-id=\"886\" src=\"https:\/\/prof.chemk.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/11_02_005.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-886\" srcset=\"https:\/\/prof.chemk.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/11_02_005.jpg 640w, https:\/\/prof.chemk.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/11_02_005-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/prof.chemk.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/11_02_005-150x113.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" data-id=\"887\" src=\"https:\/\/prof.chemk.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/11_02_006.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-887\" srcset=\"https:\/\/prof.chemk.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/11_02_006.jpg 640w, https:\/\/prof.chemk.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/11_02_006-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/prof.chemk.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/11_02_006-150x113.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" data-id=\"889\" src=\"https:\/\/prof.chemk.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/11_02_008.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-889\" srcset=\"https:\/\/prof.chemk.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/11_02_008.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/prof.chemk.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/11_02_008-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/prof.chemk.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/11_02_008-150x113.jpg 150w, https:\/\/prof.chemk.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/11_02_008-768x576.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" data-id=\"888\" src=\"https:\/\/prof.chemk.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/11_02_007.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-888\" srcset=\"https:\/\/prof.chemk.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/11_02_007.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/prof.chemk.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/11_02_007-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/prof.chemk.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/11_02_007-150x113.jpg 150w, https:\/\/prof.chemk.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/11_02_007-768x576.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0421\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0433\u0430 \u0447\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u00ab\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044b\u00bb: \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0442\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043a \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439. \u041e\u0442\u0442\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0432\u044b\u043a\u0438, \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c. \u0420\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043b\u043e\u0449\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0433\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0447\u0435\u0439, \u0432\u0435\u0434\u044c \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439 \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044b \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043b\u044c. \u0410\u0442\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0430\u0437\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u0434\u0443\u0445\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430, \u043d\u043e \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u2014 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u044e&#8230;<\/p>\n<p class=\"more-link-wrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/prof.chemk.org\/?p=881\" class=\"more-link\">\u041f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043d\u0435\u0435<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &ldquo;\u0421\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0433\u0430 \u0427\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430&rdquo;<\/span> 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